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Pharmacokinetic properties (4/4)

by Annunziata Lombardi, VP Scientific Affairs and Partner @GQC

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The therapeutic effect of each preparation is conditioned by its absorption (intestinal or pulmonary) and by the specific metabolites produced within the human body. Important is the difference between oral and inhalation preparations. In fact, inhaled cannabinoids and terpenes arrive via the lungs directly into the blood stream, whereas the absorption of ingested compounds is significantly conditioned by the condition of the intestine and liver. These factors, which affect the absorption and metabolism of cannabis, may result in different effects on the body, even when using the same type of cannabis.
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The route of administration and doses to be used are decided by the doctor; taking into account the patient's therapeutic needs and the pharmacokinetic properties will be consequential. Following oral intake of cannabis or synthetic THC (e.g. dronabinol), only 10-20% of THC enters the circulatory system due to extensive hepatic metabolism and limited solubility of THC in water (Grotenhermen, 2003; Huestis 2007). After oral administration, it takes between 30 and 90 minutes for the pharmacological effect to begin, the maximum effect being obtained within 2-4 hours after intake.    

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